1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 | #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <list> #include <algorithm> #include <cctype> class Person { std::string name; int age; public: Person() = default; Person(std::string name, int age) : name{name}, age{age} {} bool operator<(const Person &rhs) const { return this->age < rhs.age; } bool operator==(const Person &rhs) const { return (this->name == rhs.name && this->age == rhs.age); } }; // Find an element in a container void find_test() { std::cout << "\n========================" << std::endl; std::vector<int> vec {1,2,3,4,5}; auto loc = std::find(std::begin(vec), std::end(vec), 1);//equivalent to vec.begin(), if (loc != std::end(vec)) std::cout << "Found the number: " << *loc << std::endl; else std::cout << "Couldn't find the number" << std::endl; std::list<Person> players { {"Larry", 18}, {"Moe", 20}, {"Curly", 21} }; auto loc1 = std::find(players.begin(), players.end(), Person{"Moe", 20}); if (loc1 != players.end()) std::cout << "Found Moe" << std::endl; else std::cout << "Moe not found" << std::endl; } // Count the number of elements in a container void count_test() { std::cout << "\n========================" << std::endl; std::vector<int> vec {1,2,3,4,5,1,2,1}; int num = std::count(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 1); std::cout << num << " occurrences found" << std::endl; } // Count the number of occurences of an element in a container // based on a predicate using a lambda expression void count_if_test() { std::cout << "\n========================" << std::endl; // count only if the element is even std::vector<int> vec {1,2,3,4,5,1,2,1,100}; int num = std::count_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(), [](int x) { return x %2 == 0; }); std::cout << num << " even numbers found" << std::endl; num = std::count_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(), [](int x) { return x %2 != 0; }); std::cout << num << " odd numbers found" << std::endl; // how can we determine how many elements in vec are >= 5? num = std::count_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(), [](int x) { return x>=5; }); std::cout << num << " numbers are >= 5" << std::endl; } // Replace occurrences of elements in a container void replace_test() { std::cout << "\n========================" << std::endl; std::vector<int> vec {1,2,3,4,5,1,2,1}; for (auto i: vec) { std::cout << i << " "; } std::cout << std::endl; std::replace(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 1, 100); for (auto i: vec) { std::cout << i << " "; } std::cout << std::endl; } void all_of_test() { std::vector<int> vec1 {1,3,5,7,9,1,3,13,19,5}; if (std::all_of(vec1.begin(), vec1.end(), [](int x) { return x > 10; })) std::cout << "All the elements are > 10" << std::endl; else std::cout << "Not all the elements are > 10" << std::endl; if (std::all_of(vec1.begin(), vec1.end(), [](int x) { return x < 20; })) std::cout << "All the elements are < 20" << std::endl; else std::cout << "Not all the elements are < 20" << std::endl; } // Transform elements in a container - string in this example void string_transform_test() { std::cout << "\n========================" << std::endl; std::string str1 {"This is a test"}; std::cout << "Before transform: " << str1 << std::endl; std::transform(str1.begin(), str1.end(), str1.begin(), ::toupper);// :: global scope std::cout << "After transform: " << str1 << std::endl; } | cs |
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